The geographic atrophy GA market economic outlook examines broader economic factors influencing market development including healthcare expenditure trends, demographic shifts, reimbursement pressures, technological innovation cycles, and competitive dynamics that collectively shape commercial opportunities and financial returns. Healthcare spending in developed economies faces sustainability challenges from aging populations, rising treatment costs, and constrained public budgets, creating tensions between innovation incentives and cost containment imperatives that directly impact specialty pharmaceutical pricing and access. Economic cycles influence patient and payer willingness to adopt expensive new therapies, with recessions potentially constraining utilization while economic expansion facilitates greater acceptance of premium-priced innovations. Currency fluctuations affect multinational companies deriving