The introduction of novel Fc receptor antagonists (FcRn blockers) has provided a new, highly specific therapeutic option in the CIDP Market, creating a distinct mechanism of action compared to the traditional workhorse, IVIG.
| Feature |
Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) |
FcRn Antagonists (e.g., Efgartigimod) |
| Mechanism (Primary) |
Broad Immunomodulation: Neutralization of pathogenic antibodies, blockage of Fc receptors, inhibition of complement activation, and anti-inflammatory effects. |
Targeted IgG Clearance: Blocks the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) which normally recycles IgG. Blocking this receptor accelerates the lysosomal degradation of both therapeutic and pathogenic IgG autoantibodies. |
| Effect on Total IgG |
Causes a temporary increase (supra-physiological levels) then gradual decline. |
Causes a targeted, sustained reduction in total IgG levels. |
| Specificity |
Non-specific, broad effect on the entire immune cascade. |
Highly specific to the IgG pathway, thus avoiding impacts on other immune components like antibody production or albumin levels. |
| Therapeutic Rationale |
Overwhelming the immune system with beneficial IgG. |
Physically clearing the pathogenic IgG antibodies driving the disease. |
This shift from a broad immunomodulatory effect to a targeted antibody clearance mechanism represents the vanguard of therapeutic innovation in the CIDP Market.
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